用最简单方法解决api接口安全问题,几乎无法破解
场景描述
项目需要为第三方提供api服务接口。接口涉及到核心功能,如何保证接口安全。防止伪造身份、篡改数据?
思路
保障数据安全最好的方法,当然是加密了。无法解析内容,自然无法伪造,篡改。 可是使用https证书需要收费的。有其它方法么? 有的。 消息哈希认证(hmac)。
算法描述
* 访问者
1. 当访问接口时, 将参数按key值排序,组成key1=value1&key2=value2&....&secret_key=... 2. 然后对上面结果做md5,生成签名sign 3. 将sign放到加入请求的参数
* 被访问者
密钥是被访问者提供了,它也有访问者的secret_key. 1.根据app_id查到secret_key 2.处理请求参数,按规则组成key1=value1&key2=value2....&secret_key=... 3.对上一步结果做md5,生成sign。比较两个sign,相等则身份验证通过
效果
1. 密钥只存在双方机器上,不可能被截取
2. 签名无法伪造,同样身份无法伪造、消息无法被篡改
使用了hmac认证,接口被破解基本是不可能的
python实现
import md5 app_id=123 secret_key="xxxxxxxx" request_param = dict( key1="value1", key2="value2", key3="value3" ) def sign(): params = ["%s=%s" % (key, value) for key, value in sorted(request_param.items(), key=lambda item: item[0])] params.append("secret_key=%s" % secret_key) str_param = "&".join(params) print str_param md = md5.md5() md.update(str_param) return md.hexdigest() if __name__ == '__main__': print(sign())
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