nginx运行php的终极方法,可避免许多不必要的坑

妙音 posted @ 2018年12月28日 00:56 in php with tags php nginx php-fpm , 3122 阅读
 

 说明

 
php有许多开源项目比较好像,在自己的机器上用docker搭建了很多。
 
每个docker都是跑了个apache,每个docker里面都有apache。
 
这样好像有点浪费资源,而平时都是用nginx,所以研究了用nginx运行php
 
中间竟然碰到许多坑,而回过头来看,其实都很简单。
 

nginx运行php的原理

 
nginx不能解析php,要和php-fpm配置使用。nginx负责将php的请求转给php-fpm解析处理,然后返回响应结果
 

nginx运行php会遇到哪些坑

 
错误的提示有很多,最基本有"File not found"、"403"、"404"、"nginx no input file specified"等等
 
总之能试出许多错误。**而归结到底,只有一个根本原因“权限”**
 
而最好的方法是,直接把nginx和php-fpm设置为root用户运行
 

测试环境

 
|对象|版本|
|--|--|
| 操作系统 | fedora27 |
| nginx    | 1.12.1   |
| php-fpm  | php7     |
 
 

配置方法

 
* 安装nginx
 
yum install nginx
 
* 安装php-fpm
 
yum install php-fpm
经过上面两步, php-fpm会自动将nginx配置好,只要将php放到/usr/share/nginx/html目录就可以运行。但是我不想放在这个目录。
 
 
* 设置php-fpm以root用户运行
 
1.打开文件 /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service


2.在ExecStart 最后面加上参数-R标识可以用root身份运行(php-fpm默认不能用root运行)
(有可能改了php-fpm.server文件不能运行,请运行systemctl reload重新加载)


[Unit]
Description=The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize -R
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


3.打开文件/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

4.将修改user和group为root
user=root
group=root
 
* 设置nginx以root身份运行
 
1.打开/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

2.将user改为root
 
* 配置自己的php项目
 
将下面内容放到/etc/nginx/conf.d/目录下
server {
        listen 8080;
        server_name  localhost;

        root  /home/xxxxx;      #改成自己的地址
        index  /_h5ai/public/index.php;   #改成自己的php首页
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;    #使用已经配置好的location

        location / {
        }
}
 

排错方法

 
如果在配置过程中,遇到了错误。用什么方法调试呢?
 
* nginx调试方法
 
nginx的任务是把php的路径调对。可以先把php-fpm注释掉,专门调nginx,当能从浏览器下载php文件,说明配置正确。
 
* php-fpm调试方法
 
用命令运行php-fpm会有清晰的输出
 
/usr/sbin/php-fpm --nodaemonize -R
 

总结

 
nginx运行php总的说来很简单,由于权限问题,会导致遇到许多的坑。
 
实际很多情况下,都是给内部用,直接用root就可以。当然这样方法在正式环境不安全。
 
来源
 

 

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