通常使用"telnet ip port"判断端口通不通. 有其它方法吗?先看下面的几种方法

准备环境

启动一个web服务器,提供端口.
[wyq@localhost ~]$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8080 ...
用其它web服务器提供端口也一样,由于python比较方便,这里就用它

使用telnet判断

telnet是windows标准服务,可以直接用;如果是linux机器,需要安装telnet.
 
用法: telnet ip port
 
先用telnet连接不存在的端口
[wyq@localhost ~]$ telnet localhost 9000
Trying 127.0.0.1...
telnet: connect to address 127.0.0.1: Connection refused
直接提示连接被拒绝
 
再连接上面提供的端口
[wyq@localhost ~]$ telnet localhost 8080
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
看到"Connected to localhost." 可以知道连接成功了.
 
后台服务器有什么反映?
[wyq@localhost monitor]$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8080 ...
没有任何反映
 
此时telnet停住了,随便输入一个字符"a",然后回车
[wyq@localhost ~]$ telnet localhost 8080
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
a
<head>
<title>Error response</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Error response</h1>
<p>Error code 400.
<p>Message: Bad request syntax ('a').
<p>Error code explanation: 400 = Bad request syntax or unsupported method.
</body>
Connection closed by foreign host.
 
再看服务器
[wyq@localhost monitor]$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8080 ...
127.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2014 07:15:16] code 400, message Bad request syntax ('a')
127.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2014 07:15:16] "a" 400 -
 
上面是linux环境下telnet连接一个web服务端口的情况. 

使用ssh判断

ssh是linux的标准配置并且最常用,可以用来判断端口吗? 
 
用法: ssh -v -p port username@ip
-v 调试模式(会打印日志).
-p 指定端口
usernmae可以随意
 
连接不存在端口
[wyq@localhost ~]$ ssh -v -p 9000 wyq@localhost
OpenSSH_6.4, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
debug1: Reading configuration data /home/wyq/.ssh/config
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 51: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to localhost [127.0.0.1] port 9000.
debug1: connect to address 127.0.0.1 port 9000: Connection refused
ssh: connect to host localhost port 9000: Connection refused
"Connection refused"表示端口不可用
 
连接存在的端口
[wyq@localhost ~]$ ssh -v -p 8080 wyq@localhost
OpenSSH_6.4, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013
debug1: Reading configuration data /home/wyq/.ssh/config
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 51: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to localhost [127.0.0.1] port 8080.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/wyq/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
debug1: identity file /home/wyq/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/wyq/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/wyq/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/wyq/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/wyq/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.4
debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <head>

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <title>Error response</title>

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: </head>

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <body>

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <h1>Error response</h1>

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <p>Error code 400.

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <p>Message: Bad request syntax ('SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.4').

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: <p>Error code explanation: 400 = Bad request syntax or unsupported method.

debug1: ssh_exchange_identification: </body>

ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
"Connection established" 表示已经连上端口
 
服务器输出
[wyq@localhost ~]$ python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8080 ...
127.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2014 13:32:55] code 400, message Bad request syntax ('SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.4')
127.0.0.1 - - [22/Aug/2014 13:32:55] "SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.4" 400 -
 

使用wget判断

wget是linux下的下载工具,需要先安装.
 
用法: wget ip:port
 
连接不存在的端口
[wyq@localhost ~]$ wget localhost:9000
--2014-08-22 13:36:42--  http://localhost:9000/
正在解析主机 localhost (localhost)... 127.0.0.1
正在连接 localhost (localhost)|127.0.0.1|:9000... 失败:拒绝连接。
连接存在的端口
[wyq@localhost ~]$ wget localhost:8080
--2014-08-22 13:37:22--  http://localhost:8080/
正在解析主机 localhost (localhost)... 127.0.0.1
正在连接 localhost (localhost)|127.0.0.1|:8080... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:2770 (2.7K) [text/html]
正在保存至: “index.html”

100%[======================================>] 2,770       --.-K/s 用时 0s      

2014-08-22 13:37:22 (105 MB/s) - 已保存 “index.html” [2770/2770])

总结

提供端口服务,则使用了tcp协议,上面是以web服务器为例。如果服务器是更简单的tcp服务器,三个工具同样适用.
三个工具的共同点是:1.以tcp协议为基础;2.能访问指定端口. 遵循这两点可以找到很多工具.
在windows下使用telnet比较方便,linux下个人就比较喜欢用wget.